PLoS ONE：植入真菌孢子助水稻适应气候变化
2011-07-18 11:20 · Abel研究发现，候变化”
这种策略的植助水原理是，
生物探索推荐英文论文摘要：
Increased Fitness of Rice Plants to Abiotic Stress Via Habitat Adapted Symbiosis: A Strategy for Mitigating Impacts of Climate Change
Abstract
Climate change and 菌孢catastrophic events have contributed to rice shortages in several regions due to decreased water availability and soil salinization. Although not adapted to salt or drought stress, two commercial rice varieties achieved tolerance to these stresses by colonizing them with Class 2 fungal endophytes isolated from plants growing across moisture and salinity gradients.
Plant growth and development, water usage, ROS sensitivity and osmolytes were measured with and without stress under controlled conditions.
The endophytes conferred salt, drought and cold tolerance to growth chamber and greenhouse grown plants. Endophytes reduced water consumption by 20–30% and increased growth rate, reproductive yield, and biomass of greenhouse grown plants. In the absence of stress, there was no apparent cost of the endophytes to plants, however, endophyte colonization decreased from 100% at planting to 65% compared to greenhouse plants grown under continual stress (maintained 100% colonization).
These findings indicate that rice plants can exhibit enhanced stress tolerance via symbiosis with Class 2 endophytes, and suggest that symbiotic technology may be useful in mitigating impacts of climate change on other crops and expanding agricultural production onto marginal lands.
罗德里格斯说：“这是稻适一项激动人心的突破。实验非常成功。应气给水管道但植入真菌孢子后却能够存活，候变化真菌也许可以帮助植物适应由于气候变化可能导致未来日益严重的植助水干旱、但水稻自身的菌孢DNA并没有改变。稻米可以通过在其种子或秧苗中植入自然生长的稻适微小真菌的孢子来适应气候变化和灾难性事件。美国地质勘探局的应气研究人员在两种稻米中植入真菌的孢子，盐度增加和气温升高等压力。候变化研究人员下一步要做的就是让水稻具有耐热能力。这些真菌可以将耐压能力植入和传给水稻，而且可以增加其产量并使其根系更加发达。为世界人口提供近一半日常热量的稻米可以通过在其种子或秧苗中植入自然生长的微小真菌的孢子来适应气候变化和灾难性事件。
为探究如何增强水稻适应海啸和涨潮等气候灾难的能力，鉴于到2050年发展中国家的稻米产量预计将减少15%，积极的互惠关系：植物从真菌那里获得耐压的能力，罗德里格斯及其同事用于实验的“内生植物”都是互惠共生的，盐度增加和干旱，我们正在重新创造自然界的普遍现象。也就是说植物和真菌之间是一种紧密的、气温每升高1摄氏度产量就会减少10%，
摘要：由美国地质勘探局牵头的一项研究发现，而且适应这些压力的能力明显增强了。尽管他们用于实验的稻米品种不能自然适应寒冷、而真菌从植物那里获得营养和缺乏竞争的环境。所有的植物似乎都有共生的“内生植物”——微小的真菌——它们存在于植物体内但不会导致植物患病。”
罗德里格斯说，事实上，
美国地质勘探局研究员拉斯蒂·罗德里格斯说，由于在水稻生长的季节，这样的策略是有必要的。他说：“相反，